Parenting interventions to promote early child development in the first three years of life: A global systematic review and meta-analysis
Parents are the primary caregivers of young children. Responsive parent–child relationships and parental support for learning during the earliest years of life are crucial for promoting early child development (ECD). We conducted a global systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of parenting interventions on ECD and parenting outcomes.
WHO guidelines on parenting interventions to prevent maltreatment and enhance parent–child relationships with
children aged 0–17 years: Report of the reviews for the WHO-INTEGRATE framework
This set of reviews addresses questions about the societal implications of parenting interventions, based on the WHO-INTEGRATE evidence to decision framework (Rehfuess et al., 2019). This evidence, will inform the WHO Guideline on Parenting Programmes to Prevent Child Maltreatment and Promote Positive Development in Children aged 0-17 Years. It will allow the Guideline Group to contextualise the main evidence of effectiveness from the systematic reviews, in the light of broader questions about acceptability, balance of benefit and harms, feasibility, and societal, economic, equity and human rights implications of parenting interventions. We use a combination of approaches to review the evidence including systematic, mixed-methods, qualitative, and narrative reviews of quantitative and qualitative primary studies, human rights based-analysis, and overviews of existing reviews.
World Health Organization Guidelines on Parenting Interventions to Prevent Maltreatment and Enhance Parent–Child Relationships with Children aged 0-17 Years: Report of the Systematic Reviews of Evidence
This report provides evidence on the effectiveness of parenting interventions across different contexts and populations. The findings of this report will inform the decisions of the WHO Guideline Development Group for guidelines on parenting to prevent child maltreatment and promote positive development in children aged 0–17 years. We systematically summarized the evidence on the effectiveness of parenting interventions using systematic reviewing as the predominant method. In total, we conducted two main systematic reviews, two systematic sub- reviews and one narrative review.
Caregiver skills training for families of children with developmental delays or disabilities – Home visit guide for facilitators
This guide is part of a five-part Caregiver skills training for families of children with developmental delays or disabilities (CST) package providing guidance on caregiver skills training for families of children aged 2–9 years with developmental delays or disabilities. This guide for facilitators provides information for leading the three home visits. It is a reference manual to be used in conjunction with specific training in caregiver skills training and under supervision. The guide includes detailed descriptions of the objectives and activities for each home visit. Goal setting information and forms are also included, along with information for trouble shooting and problem solving.
Caregiver skills training for families of children with developmental delays or disabilities – Participants’ guide: group sessions 1–9
This participants’ guide is part of a five-part Caregiver skills training for families of children with developmental delays or disabilities (CST) package providing guidance on caregiver skills training for families of children aged 2–9 years with developmental delays or disabilities. This participants’ guide is meant to be used by caregivers who are participating in WHO’s caregiver skills training. The guide provides content that will be used during each of the caregiver skills training core group sessions (sessions 1–9). It includes illustrated descriptions of the key messages and tips (skills and strategies) taught in each session as well as goal-setting activities.
Caregiver skills training for families of children with developmental delays or disabilities – Facilitators’ guide: group sessions 1–9
This facilitators’ guide is part of a five-part Caregiver skills training for families of children with developmental delays or disabilities (CST) package providing guidance on caregiver skills training for families of children aged 2–9 years with developmental delays or disabilities. This facilitators’ guide provides information for leading group sessions 1–9. It is a reference manual to be used in conjunction with specific training and under supervision.
Caregiver skills training for families of children with developmental delays or disabilities – Adaptation and implementation guide
This adaptation and implementation guide is part of a five-part Caregiver skills training for families of children with developmental delays or disabilities (CST) package providing guidance on caregiver skills training for families of children aged 2–9 years with developmental delays or disabilities. This adaptation and implementation guide provides information on how to adapt caregiver skills training materials and delivery strategies to the local context. It includes guidance on development and implementation of contextual and cultural adaptation plans.
Caregiver skills training for families of children with developmental delays or disabilities: Introduction
This is the first part of a five-part package that provides guidance on caregiver skills training for families of children aged 2–9 years with developmental delays or disabilities. The Caregiver skills training for families of children with developmental delays or disabilities (CST) aims to provide caregivers with skills that they can use at home to improve their child’s engagement in activities and communication, and to promote positive behaviour and skills for daily living. This introduction describes how each of the elements of the package can be used. It provides an overview of the course structure and content as well as the requirements for delivering the training to caregivers.
Caring for the Caregiver Facilitator’s Manual
In accordance with evidence from the Lancet and UNICEF recommendations on Early Childhood Development and Nurturing Care, preventive support for caregiver health and emotional well-being is key to optimal child development. Yet there is currently very little support for caregiver emotional well-being in resource-constrained low- and middle-income countries. In order to tackle this issue, UNICEF is developing a Caring for the Caregiver (CFC) training module.
Caring for the Caregiver Implementer’s Guide
In accordance with evidence from the Lancet and UNICEF recommendations on Early Childhood Development and Nurturing Care, preventive support for caregiver health and emotional well-being is key to optimal child development. Yet there is currently very little support for caregiver emotional well-being in resource-constrained low- and middle-income countries. In order to tackle this issue, UNICEF is developing a Caring for the Caregiver (CFC) training module.
